[ { "soc": "13-2011", "title": "Accountant / Auditor (CPA)", "slug": "accountant-cpa", "aliases": [ "Accountant", "CPA", "Auditor", "Certified Public Accountant", "Tax Accountant", "Tax Preparer", "Senior Accountant", "Staff Accountant", "Controller", "Comptroller", "Internal Auditor", "External Auditor", "Forensic Accountant", "Cost Accountant", "Managerial Accountant", "Public Accountant", "Accounting Manager", "Finance Manager", "Budget Analyst", "Revenue Accountant" ], "vertical": "accounting", "eloundou_alpha": 0.18, "eloundou_beta": 0.65, "anthropic_intensity": 47, "anthropic_automation": 0.4, "exposure_raw": 0.423, "score_now": 58, "score_1yr": 55, "score_3yr": 50, "score_5yr": 45, "band": "Mixed Exposure", "band_color": "#B58900", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Routine bookkeeping reconciliations", "Drafting standard tax returns", "Audit work-paper templating" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Audit professional judgment and sign-off authority", "Client tax-strategy advisory", "Forensic and litigation accounting" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "43-6014", "title": "Administrative Assistant", "slug": "administrative-assistant", "aliases": [ "Admin Assistant", "Executive Assistant", "EA", "Secretary", "Office Administrator", "Office Manager", "Administrative Coordinator", "Administrative Specialist", "Admin Coordinator", "Virtual Assistant", "Personal Assistant", "PA", "Administrative Clerk", "Receptionist", "Office Support Specialist", "Administrative Analyst", "Administrative Associate", "Executive Administrative Assistant", "Senior Administrative Assistant", "Department Coordinator" ], "vertical": "service", "eloundou_alpha": 0.3, "eloundou_beta": 0.78, "anthropic_intensity": 60, "anthropic_automation": 0.5, "exposure_raw": 0.544, "score_now": 46, "score_1yr": 44, "score_3yr": 40, "score_5yr": 37, "band": "Exposed", "band_color": "#CC5500", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Calendar and meeting coordination", "Drafting routine email and correspondence", "Document formatting and minor edits" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Discretionary executive support", "In-person event and travel logistics", "Confidential information handling" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1241", "title": "Anesthesiologist", "slug": "anesthesiologist", "aliases": [ "Anesthesia Physician", "Anesthesiologist MD", "Anesthesiologist DO", "Pain Management Physician", "Anesthesia Doctor", "Cardiac Anesthesiologist", "Pediatric Anesthesiologist", "Regional Anesthesiologist", "Neuroanesthesiologist", "OB Anesthesiologist", "Intensivist", "Critical Care Anesthesiologist", "Anesthesia Attending", "Anesthesia Resident", "Anesthesia Fellow", "Ambulatory Anesthesiologist", "Academic Anesthesiologist" ], "vertical": "medicine", "eloundou_alpha": 0.04, "eloundou_beta": 0.22, "anthropic_intensity": 15, "anthropic_automation": 0.12, "exposure_raw": 0.132, "score_now": 87, "score_1yr": 85, "score_3yr": 83, "score_5yr": 81, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Pre-op evaluations from chart data", "Routine anesthesia documentation", "Predicting drug-dose ranges from patient parameters" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Real-time hemodynamic crisis management in the OR", "Difficult airway and regional anesthesia procedures", "Hands-on patient safety in life-threatening seconds" ], "notes": "Procedural and crisis-management specialty. Among the lowest-exposure clinical roles." }, { "soc": "43-3031", "title": "Bookkeeper", "slug": "bookkeeper", "aliases": [ "Bookkeeper", "Accounts Clerk", "Accounts Payable Specialist", "Accounts Receivable Specialist", "AP Specialist", "AR Specialist", "Payroll Specialist", "Full Charge Bookkeeper", "Accounting Clerk", "General Ledger Clerk", "QuickBooks Specialist", "Billing Specialist", "Billing Coordinator", "Payroll Coordinator", "Accounting Associate", "Junior Accountant", "Fiscal Technician", "Finance Clerk" ], "vertical": "accounting", "eloundou_alpha": 0.3, "eloundou_beta": 0.74, "anthropic_intensity": 58, "anthropic_automation": 0.55, "exposure_raw": 0.538, "score_now": 46, "score_1yr": 43, "score_3yr": 38, "score_5yr": 33, "band": "Exposed", "band_color": "#CC5500", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Reconciling bank and credit-card transactions", "Categorizing expenses", "Generating monthly P&L and balance sheets" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Client communication and exception handling", "Hands-on inventory and physical-cash controls", "Discretionary clean-up of malformed historical books" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1227", "title": "Cardiologist", "slug": "cardiologist", "aliases": [ "Heart Doctor", "Cardiologist MD", "Interventional Cardiologist", "Electrophysiologist", "EP Cardiologist", "Heart Failure Cardiologist", "Advanced Heart Failure Specialist", "Echocardiographer", "Nuclear Cardiologist", "Pediatric Cardiologist", "Cardiac Imaging Specialist", "Structural Cardiologist", "Preventive Cardiologist", "Cardiovascular Disease Specialist", "Cardiovascular Medicine Physician", "Cardiac Electrophysiology Specialist", "Heart Rhythm Specialist" ], "vertical": "medicine", "eloundou_alpha": 0.07, "eloundou_beta": 0.38, "anthropic_intensity": 26, "anthropic_automation": 0.22, "exposure_raw": 0.231, "score_now": 77, "score_1yr": 75, "score_3yr": 73, "score_5yr": 71, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "ECG first-pass interpretation", "Echocardiogram measurement automation", "Risk-score-based outpatient counseling drafts" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Cath-lab and electrophysiology procedural work", "Real-time stress-echo and complex case interpretation", "Multidisciplinary heart-team decision-making" ], "notes": "ECG and echo automation are mature; procedural cardiology is the durable income center." }, { "soc": "47-2031", "title": "Carpenter", "slug": "carpenter", "aliases": [ "Finish Carpenter", "Framing Carpenter", "Rough Carpenter", "Cabinet Maker", "Cabinetmaker", "Trim Carpenter", "Journeyman Carpenter", "Apprentice Carpenter", "Master Carpenter", "Woodworker", "Construction Carpenter", "Form Carpenter", "Concrete Form Builder", "Deck Builder", "Custom Woodworker", "Joiner", "Millwright", "Furniture Maker", "Shipwright" ], "vertical": "trades", "eloundou_alpha": 0.01, "eloundou_beta": 0.05, "anthropic_intensity": 5, "anthropic_automation": 0.03, "exposure_raw": 0.034, "score_now": 97, "score_1yr": 97, "score_3yr": 96, "score_5yr": 95, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting bids from blueprints", "Material-takeoff calculations", "Permit paperwork" ], "resistant_skills": [ "All physical carpentry skill", "Field problem-solving and dimensional reasoning", "Crew leadership and craftsmanship" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "19-2031", "title": "Chemist", "slug": "chemist", "aliases": [ "Analytical Chemist", "Organic Chemist", "Inorganic Chemist", "Physical Chemist", "Biochemist", "Medicinal Chemist", "Pharmaceutical Chemist", "Industrial Chemist", "Research Chemist", "Quality Control Chemist", "QC Chemist", "Environmental Chemist", "Polymer Chemist", "Materials Chemist", "Computational Chemist", "Process Chemist", "Lab Chemist", "Chemistry Researcher", "Chemical Analyst", "Formulation Chemist" ], "vertical": "science", "eloundou_alpha": 0.1, "eloundou_beta": 0.45, "anthropic_intensity": 30, "anthropic_automation": 0.22, "exposure_raw": 0.269, "score_now": 73, "score_1yr": 71, "score_3yr": 68, "score_5yr": 65, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Standard literature reviews", "Routine synthesis-procedure drafting", "Spectra interpretation for common compounds" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Bench experimentation and lab safety", "Novel synthesis and discovery work", "Scale-up and process chemistry" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "25-1099", "title": "College Professor", "slug": "college-professor", "aliases": [ "University Professor", "Assistant Professor", "Associate Professor", "Full Professor", "Tenured Professor", "Tenure-Track Faculty", "Adjunct Professor", "Visiting Professor", "Lecturer", "Senior Lecturer", "Instructor", "Professor of Medicine", "Research Faculty", "Academic", "Scholar", "Department Chair", "Provost", "Dean of Faculty", "Postdoctoral Researcher", "Postdoc" ], "vertical": "education", "eloundou_alpha": 0.16, "eloundou_beta": 0.58, "anthropic_intensity": 40, "anthropic_automation": 0.3, "exposure_raw": 0.362, "score_now": 64, "score_1yr": 62, "score_3yr": 59, "score_5yr": 57, "band": "Mixed Exposure", "band_color": "#B58900", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting syllabi and assignments", "Grading written work", "Standard literature reviews" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Original research design and authorship", "Doctoral-level mentorship", "Department leadership and tenure judgment" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "47-2061", "title": "Construction Laborer", "slug": "construction-laborer", "aliases": [ "Construction Worker", "Laborer", "General Laborer", "Site Laborer", "Building Laborer", "Demolition Worker", "Concrete Laborer", "Construction Helper", "Construction Hand", "Hod Carrier", "Mason Tender", "Roadwork Laborer", "Utility Worker", "Maintenance Worker", "Grounds Worker", "Landscaping Laborer", "Site Worker", "Building Trades Worker", "Trade Helper", "Construction Crew Member" ], "vertical": "trades", "eloundou_alpha": 0.01, "eloundou_beta": 0.04, "anthropic_intensity": 4, "anthropic_automation": 0.03, "exposure_raw": 0.029, "score_now": 97, "score_1yr": 97, "score_3yr": 96, "score_5yr": 95, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Daily logs and timesheet completion", "Material-staging documentation" ], "resistant_skills": [ "All physical construction work", "Safety practice and site-condition awareness", "Coordination with skilled trades on site" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "35-3023", "title": "Cook / Restaurant Worker", "slug": "cook-restaurant", "aliases": [ "Chef", "Line Cook", "Prep Cook", "Sous Chef", "Executive Chef", "Head Chef", "Pastry Chef", "Pastry Cook", "Grill Cook", "Fry Cook", "Sauté Cook", "Short Order Cook", "Restaurant Cook", "Kitchen Staff", "Food Service Worker", "Cafeteria Worker", "Dishwasher", "Kitchen Helper", "Baker", "Culinary Professional" ], "vertical": "service", "eloundou_alpha": 0.01, "eloundou_beta": 0.08, "anthropic_intensity": 7, "anthropic_automation": 0.05, "exposure_raw": 0.051, "score_now": 95, "score_1yr": 93, "score_3yr": 89, "score_5yr": 86, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Inventory and ordering documentation", "Menu-description drafting" ], "resistant_skills": [ "All physical cooking and prep", "Speed and consistency at the line", "Kitchen leadership in service" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "43-4051", "title": "Customer Service Representative", "slug": "customer-service-representative", "aliases": [ "Customer Service Rep", "Customer Support Rep", "Support Agent", "Call Center Agent", "Call Center Representative", "Customer Care Specialist", "Customer Experience Specialist", "Help Desk Agent", "Technical Support Representative", "Customer Service Associate", "Client Services Representative", "Customer Service Specialist", "Customer Service Advisor", "Service Desk Representative", "Inbound Call Agent", "Account Service Representative", "Retention Specialist", "Customer Relations Specialist", "Contact Center Agent", "Customer Success Associate" ], "vertical": "service", "eloundou_alpha": 0.3, "eloundou_beta": 0.78, "anthropic_intensity": 58, "anthropic_automation": 0.48, "exposure_raw": 0.536, "score_now": 46, "score_1yr": 44, "score_3yr": 40, "score_5yr": 37, "band": "Exposed", "band_color": "#CC5500", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Tier-1 ticket triage and resolution", "FAQ-style query handling", "Email-response drafting" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Empathic de-escalation of upset customers", "Edge-case problem-solving across systems", "Voice-of-customer feedback to product teams" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "15-2051", "title": "Data Scientist", "slug": "data-scientist", "aliases": [ "Data Analyst", "Data Engineer", "ML Engineer", "Machine Learning Engineer", "AI Engineer", "Senior Data Scientist", "Staff Data Scientist", "Principal Data Scientist", "Applied Scientist", "Research Scientist", "Business Intelligence Analyst", "BI Analyst", "Quantitative Analyst", "Quant", "Statistician", "Analytics Engineer", "NLP Engineer", "Computer Vision Engineer", "Deep Learning Engineer", "Data Science Manager" ], "vertical": "tech", "eloundou_alpha": 0.28, "eloundou_beta": 0.78, "anthropic_intensity": 70, "anthropic_automation": 0.4, "exposure_raw": 0.538, "score_now": 46, "score_1yr": 43, "score_3yr": 39, "score_5yr": 35, "band": "Exposed", "band_color": "#CC5500", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Boilerplate data-cleaning code", "Standard model-evaluation reports", "Feature-engineering for tabular problems" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Causal-inference framing", "Cross-functional alignment on the right metric", "Productionizing models with reliability guarantees" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1021", "title": "Dentist (General)", "slug": "general-dentist", "aliases": [ "Dentist", "DDS", "DMD", "General Dentist", "Family Dentist", "Cosmetic Dentist", "Restorative Dentist", "Pediatric Dentist", "Children's Dentist", "Endodontist", "Periodontist", "Prosthodontist", "Oral Surgeon", "Orthodontist", "Dental Surgeon", "Implant Dentist", "Associate Dentist", "Dental Associate", "Primary Care Dentist" ], "vertical": "dentistry", "eloundou_alpha": 0.04, "eloundou_beta": 0.21, "anthropic_intensity": 14, "anthropic_automation": 0.13, "exposure_raw": 0.129, "score_now": 87, "score_1yr": 86, "score_3yr": 84, "score_5yr": 83, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Patient-education materials and pre/post-op instructions", "Drafting clinical notes from voice dictation", "Cariogenic risk-assessment documentation" ], "resistant_skills": [ "All restorative and surgical procedures", "Real-time intra-oral assessment", "Procedural authority and outcome ownership" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1217", "title": "Dermatologist", "slug": "dermatologist", "aliases": [ "Skin Doctor", "Skin Specialist", "Dermatology Physician", "Cosmetic Dermatologist", "Medical Dermatologist", "Surgical Dermatologist", "Mohs Surgeon", "Pediatric Dermatologist", "Clinical Dermatologist", "Dermatopathologist", "Aesthetic Physician", "Laser Specialist", "Acne Specialist", "Psoriasis Specialist", "Skin Cancer Specialist", "Teledermatologist", "Academic Dermatologist" ], "vertical": "medicine", "eloundou_alpha": 0.08, "eloundou_beta": 0.4, "anthropic_intensity": 27, "anthropic_automation": 0.24, "exposure_raw": 0.246, "score_now": 75, "score_1yr": 73, "score_3yr": 71, "score_5yr": 69, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Triaging photographs of skin lesions", "Drafting first-pass diagnoses for common rashes", "Generating patient-facing skincare recommendations" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Procedural dermatology (Mohs, biopsies, excisions)", "Cosmetic and aesthetic procedures", "Final diagnosis and treatment authority for malignancy" ], "notes": "Image-based teledermatology is highly augmentable; in-clinic procedural and cosmetic work is durable." }, { "soc": "47-2111", "title": "Electrician", "slug": "electrician", "aliases": [ "Journeyman Electrician", "Master Electrician", "Apprentice Electrician", "Residential Electrician", "Commercial Electrician", "Industrial Electrician", "Electrical Contractor", "Electrical Technician", "Wireman", "Inside Wireman", "Outside Lineman", "Lineman", "Maintenance Electrician", "Electrical Inspector", "Low Voltage Technician", "Electrical Installer", "Licensed Electrician", "Electrician Foreman" ], "vertical": "trades", "eloundou_alpha": 0.01, "eloundou_beta": 0.07, "anthropic_intensity": 6, "anthropic_automation": 0.04, "exposure_raw": 0.044, "score_now": 96, "score_1yr": 96, "score_3yr": 95, "score_5yr": 94, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting service quotes from photos", "Code-lookup and reference", "Permit-paperwork prep" ], "resistant_skills": [ "All physical electrical installation work", "Code-compliant problem-solving in the field", "Customer relationships and on-site judgment" ], "notes": "Among the most AI-resistant occupations. The work cannot be done remotely. AI helps with paperwork; the trade itself is durable." }, { "soc": "29-1228", "title": "Emergency Medicine Physician", "slug": "emergency-medicine-physician", "aliases": [ "ER Doctor", "Emergency Room Doctor", "ER Physician", "Emergency Physician", "Emergency Medicine Doctor", "EM Physician", "ED Physician", "Emergency Room Physician", "Attending Emergency Physician", "Acute Care Physician", "Trauma Physician", "Emergency Medicine Attending", "Emergency Medicine Resident", "EM Attending", "Urgent Care Physician", "Critical Care Physician", "Flight Physician", "Wilderness Medicine Physician" ], "vertical": "medicine", "eloundou_alpha": 0.05, "eloundou_beta": 0.27, "anthropic_intensity": 20, "anthropic_automation": 0.16, "exposure_raw": 0.168, "score_now": 83, "score_1yr": 81, "score_3yr": 79, "score_5yr": 77, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "ED documentation and disposition notes", "Standard work-up suggestions for common chief complaints", "Patient-facing discharge instructions" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Procedural mastery (intubation, central lines, sedation)", "Triage under volume and uncertainty", "Resuscitation and time-critical decision-making" ], "notes": "Procedural and time-critical work is durable; documentation is the augmentable layer." }, { "soc": "19-1041", "title": "Epidemiologist", "slug": "epidemiologist", "aliases": [ "Public Health Researcher", "Disease Detective", "Infection Control Specialist", "Biostatistician", "Epidemiology Researcher", "Outbreak Investigator", "Infectious Disease Epidemiologist", "Chronic Disease Epidemiologist", "Environmental Epidemiologist", "Clinical Epidemiologist", "Applied Epidemiologist", "Field Epidemiologist", "Global Health Researcher", "Population Health Analyst", "Surveillance Epidemiologist", "Health Data Analyst", "MPH Epidemiologist" ], "vertical": "science", "eloundou_alpha": 0.18, "eloundou_beta": 0.65, "anthropic_intensity": 45, "anthropic_automation": 0.3, "exposure_raw": 0.399, "score_now": 60, "score_1yr": 58, "score_3yr": 55, "score_5yr": 52, "band": "Mixed Exposure", "band_color": "#B58900", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Standard data-cleaning and descriptive analysis", "Literature-review summaries", "Routine surveillance reports" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Causal-inference study design", "Outbreak field-investigation work", "Public-health policy translation" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1216", "title": "Family Medicine Physician", "slug": "family-medicine-physician", "aliases": [ "Family Doctor", "Family Physician", "General Practitioner", "GP", "Primary Care Doctor", "PCP", "Family Practice Physician", "Family Medicine Doctor", "Primary Care Physician", "Community Physician", "Rural Physician", "Direct Primary Care Physician", "DPC Physician", "Concierge Physician", "Family Medicine Attending", "Family Medicine Resident", "FMLA Physician", "Board-Certified Family Physician" ], "vertical": "medicine", "eloundou_alpha": 0.06, "eloundou_beta": 0.32, "anthropic_intensity": 22, "anthropic_automation": 0.18, "exposure_raw": 0.194, "score_now": 81, "score_1yr": 79, "score_3yr": 77, "score_5yr": 75, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting clinic notes from a patient encounter", "Generating differential diagnoses from a symptom list", "Composing patient-education handouts and discharge summaries" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Physical exam, procedural skills, and the legal authority to prescribe", "Longitudinal patient relationships and shared decision-making", "Clinical risk-tolerance and accountability when the model is wrong" ], "notes": "Generative AI is a strong augment for documentation and literature search, weak substitute for the physical exam and the medico-legal accountability layer." }, { "soc": "13-2052", "title": "Financial Advisor", "slug": "financial-advisor", "aliases": [ "Financial Planner", "CFP", "Certified Financial Planner", "Wealth Manager", "Wealth Advisor", "Investment Advisor", "Financial Consultant", "Retirement Planner", "Estate Planner", "Fee-Only Advisor", "RIA", "Registered Investment Advisor", "Financial Coach", "Personal Finance Advisor", "Portfolio Manager", "Client Advisor", "Private Wealth Manager", "Independent Financial Advisor", "Senior Financial Advisor", "Junior Financial Advisor" ], "vertical": "finance", "eloundou_alpha": 0.1, "eloundou_beta": 0.42, "anthropic_intensity": 28, "anthropic_automation": 0.25, "exposure_raw": 0.262, "score_now": 74, "score_1yr": 71, "score_3yr": 66, "score_5yr": 62, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting standard financial plans", "Portfolio-rebalancing recommendations", "Client education materials" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Trust and emotional intelligence in money conversations", "Behavioral coaching during market volatility", "Estate, tax, and life-event nuance" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "13-2051", "title": "Financial Analyst", "slug": "financial-analyst", "aliases": [ "Finance Analyst", "Junior Financial Analyst", "Senior Financial Analyst", "FP&A Analyst", "Financial Planning and Analysis Analyst", "Investment Analyst", "Equity Analyst", "Credit Analyst", "Budget Analyst", "Corporate Finance Analyst", "Business Analyst", "Valuation Analyst", "Research Analyst", "Buy-Side Analyst", "Sell-Side Analyst", "Treasury Analyst", "Risk Analyst", "Quantitative Financial Analyst", "Capital Markets Analyst" ], "vertical": "finance", "eloundou_alpha": 0.2, "eloundou_beta": 0.68, "anthropic_intensity": 50, "anthropic_automation": 0.42, "exposure_raw": 0.448, "score_now": 55, "score_1yr": 52, "score_3yr": 47, "score_5yr": 43, "band": "Mixed Exposure", "band_color": "#B58900", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting first-pass financial models in Excel", "Earnings-call and 10-K summarization", "Industry research memos" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Investment-thesis judgment and conviction", "Client relationship and persuasion", "Cross-team capital-allocation decision-making" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "11-1021", "title": "General / Operations Manager", "slug": "operations-manager", "aliases": [ "General Manager", "GM", "Operations Director", "Director of Operations", "VP of Operations", "COO", "Chief Operating Officer", "Plant Manager", "Facility Manager", "Site Manager", "Business Operations Manager", "Regional Operations Manager", "Supply Chain Manager", "Logistics Manager", "Production Manager", "Manufacturing Manager", "Process Improvement Manager", "Operations Lead", "Store Manager", "Branch Manager" ], "vertical": "management", "eloundou_alpha": 0.12, "eloundou_beta": 0.5, "anthropic_intensity": 38, "anthropic_automation": 0.25, "exposure_raw": 0.312, "score_now": 69, "score_1yr": 67, "score_3yr": 64, "score_5yr": 62, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Standard operational reports and dashboards", "Process-documentation and SOP drafting", "Cross-team coordination email drafts" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Hiring and people-leadership judgment", "Crisis decision-making", "Cross-functional executive presence" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "27-1024", "title": "Graphic Designer", "slug": "graphic-designer", "aliases": [ "Visual Designer", "Brand Designer", "UI Designer", "UX Designer", "UI/UX Designer", "Product Designer", "Web Designer", "Digital Designer", "Print Designer", "Creative Designer", "Art Director", "Senior Graphic Designer", "Junior Graphic Designer", "Motion Designer", "Logo Designer", "Packaging Designer", "Freelance Designer", "Design Consultant", "Identity Designer", "Publication Designer" ], "vertical": "creative", "eloundou_alpha": 0.18, "eloundou_beta": 0.66, "anthropic_intensity": 50, "anthropic_automation": 0.32, "exposure_raw": 0.416, "score_now": 58, "score_1yr": 54, "score_3yr": 48, "score_5yr": 43, "band": "Mixed Exposure", "band_color": "#B58900", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Social-media graphic templates", "First-pass logo and icon iterations", "Marketing-collateral layouts" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Brand-system architecture", "Print-production specs", "Art-direction judgment on a final piece" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "25-2031", "title": "High School Teacher", "slug": "high-school-teacher", "aliases": [ "High School Biology Teacher", "High School Chemistry Teacher", "High School Physics Teacher", "High School Math Teacher", "High School English Teacher", "High School History Teacher", "Secondary School Teacher", "Middle School Teacher", "Science Teacher", "Math Teacher", "English Teacher", "History Teacher", "Special Education Teacher", "STEM Teacher", "K-12 Teacher", "Art Teacher", "Physical Education Teacher", "PE Teacher", "School Teacher", "Secondary Educator" ], "vertical": "education", "eloundou_alpha": 0.08, "eloundou_beta": 0.42, "anthropic_intensity": 30, "anthropic_automation": 0.2, "exposure_raw": 0.25, "score_now": 75, "score_1yr": 73, "score_3yr": 70, "score_5yr": 68, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Lesson-plan drafting", "Grading written work", "Drafting parent communication" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Classroom management and behavioral coaching", "Real-time differentiation for diverse learners", "Mentorship and sustained student relationships" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "11-3121", "title": "Human Resources Manager", "slug": "human-resources-manager", "aliases": [ "HR Manager", "HR Director", "Director of Human Resources", "VP of Human Resources", "Chief Human Resources Officer", "CHRO", "Human Resources Business Partner", "HRBP", "HR Generalist", "Recruiter", "Talent Acquisition Manager", "People Manager", "People Operations Manager", "HR Business Partner", "Employee Relations Manager", "Compensation Manager", "Benefits Manager", "HR Specialist", "HR Coordinator", "Talent Manager" ], "vertical": "management", "eloundou_alpha": 0.18, "eloundou_beta": 0.62, "anthropic_intensity": 42, "anthropic_automation": 0.3, "exposure_raw": 0.384, "score_now": 62, "score_1yr": 60, "score_3yr": 57, "score_5yr": 55, "band": "Mixed Exposure", "band_color": "#B58900", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting job descriptions", "Initial resume screening", "Standard policy and handbook writing" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Employee-relations sensitive conversations", "Investigation and discipline judgment", "Compensation and benefits negotiation" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "49-9021", "title": "HVAC Technician", "slug": "hvac-technician", "aliases": [ "HVAC Tech", "HVAC Mechanic", "HVAC Installer", "HVAC Service Technician", "HVAC Journeyman", "HVAC Apprentice", "Refrigeration Technician", "Sheet Metal Worker", "Ductwork Installer", "Boiler Technician", "Chiller Technician", "Commercial HVAC Technician", "Residential HVAC Technician", "Building Mechanical Technician", "AC Tech", "Air Conditioning Technician", "Heating Technician", "Environmental Systems Technician", "HVAC Controls Technician" ], "vertical": "trades", "eloundou_alpha": 0.02, "eloundou_beta": 0.1, "anthropic_intensity": 8, "anthropic_automation": 0.05, "exposure_raw": 0.062, "score_now": 94, "score_1yr": 94, "score_3yr": 93, "score_5yr": 92, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting service tickets and estimates", "Diagnostic-code reference lookups", "Maintenance-checklist generation" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Hands-on diagnosis and refrigerant work", "Equipment installation and commissioning", "Customer education at the unit" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "15-1212", "title": "Information Security Analyst", "slug": "information-security-analyst", "aliases": [ "Cybersecurity Analyst", "Security Analyst", "InfoSec Analyst", "SOC Analyst", "Security Operations Center Analyst", "Penetration Tester", "Pen Tester", "Ethical Hacker", "Threat Intelligence Analyst", "Incident Response Analyst", "Cloud Security Analyst", "Application Security Engineer", "Vulnerability Analyst", "Security Engineer", "CISO", "Chief Information Security Officer", "Cybersecurity Engineer", "Network Security Analyst", "Digital Forensics Analyst", "GRC Analyst" ], "vertical": "tech", "eloundou_alpha": 0.18, "eloundou_beta": 0.62, "anthropic_intensity": 48, "anthropic_automation": 0.3, "exposure_raw": 0.396, "score_now": 60, "score_1yr": 57, "score_3yr": 53, "score_5yr": 49, "band": "Mixed Exposure", "band_color": "#B58900", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Triage of routine SIEM alerts", "Vulnerability-scan report drafting", "Phishing-awareness content" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Incident-response leadership during a real breach", "Threat-hunting against novel adversaries", "Compliance and audit translation work" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1229", "title": "Internal Medicine Physician (Hospitalist)", "slug": "internal-medicine-physician", "aliases": [ "Internist", "Internal Medicine Doctor", "Hospitalist", "General Internist", "Internal Medicine Attending", "Internal Medicine Resident", "Hospital Medicine Physician", "Inpatient Physician", "Medical Doctor", "Primary Care Internist", "Clinical Internist", "Staff Internist", "Attending Physician", "Outpatient Internist", "Teaching Attending", "Academic Internist", "IM Physician", "Board-Certified Internist" ], "vertical": "medicine", "eloundou_alpha": 0.05, "eloundou_beta": 0.3, "anthropic_intensity": 21, "anthropic_automation": 0.17, "exposure_raw": 0.181, "score_now": 82, "score_1yr": 80, "score_3yr": 78, "score_5yr": 76, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Daily progress notes and discharge summaries", "Synthesizing medical literature for a patient's specific scenario", "Generating draft consult requests and admission orders" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Bedside reasoning at the limit of evidence", "Procedural authority (LP, paracentesis, intubation backup)", "Coordinating multi-team care under uncertainty" ], "notes": "Documentation burden is the most-augmentable surface; clinical judgment under uncertainty is the residual moat." }, { "soc": "23-1011", "title": "Lawyer", "slug": "lawyer", "aliases": [ "Attorney", "Corporate Attorney", "Litigation Attorney", "Criminal Defense Attorney", "Prosecutor", "District Attorney", "Public Defender", "Real Estate Attorney", "Family Law Attorney", "Immigration Attorney", "Employment Attorney", "Patent Attorney", "In-House Counsel", "General Counsel", "Trial Lawyer", "Personal Injury Attorney", "Civil Rights Attorney", "Tax Attorney", "Bankruptcy Attorney", "Associate Attorney" ], "vertical": "law", "eloundou_alpha": 0.27, "eloundou_beta": 0.66, "anthropic_intensity": 48, "anthropic_automation": 0.45, "exposure_raw": 0.465, "score_now": 53, "score_1yr": 49, "score_3yr": 44, "score_5yr": 39, "band": "Mixed Exposure", "band_color": "#B58900", "tasks_at_risk": [ "First-draft contracts, memos, and discovery responses", "Case-law research and citator checks", "Standard due-diligence document review" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Court appearance and oral advocacy", "Client-relationship trust and counseling", "Negotiation and judgment under uncertainty" ], "notes": "Among the most AI-exposed white-collar roles. Document review, research, and drafting are squarely in scope; courtroom and client-counseling work is durable." }, { "soc": "29-2061", "title": "Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)", "slug": "licensed-practical-nurse", "aliases": [ "LPN", "Licensed Vocational Nurse", "LVN", "Practical Nurse", "Licensed Nurse", "Nursing Assistant", "Charge Nurse (LPN)", "Long-Term Care Nurse", "Home Health Nurse", "Clinic Nurse", "Correctional Nurse", "School Nurse (LPN)", "Pediatric LPN", "Geriatric LPN", "LPN Supervisor", "Med-Surg LPN", "Office Nurse", "LPN Case Manager" ], "vertical": "nursing", "eloundou_alpha": 0.04, "eloundou_beta": 0.24, "anthropic_intensity": 15, "anthropic_automation": 0.14, "exposure_raw": 0.142, "score_now": 86, "score_1yr": 85, "score_3yr": 83, "score_5yr": 82, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Charting routine medication administration", "Standardized care-plan documentation", "Patient-education printout selection" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Bedside care and medication administration", "Vital signs and basic clinical assessment", "Resident or patient relationships in long-term care" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "11-2021", "title": "Marketing Manager", "slug": "marketing-manager", "aliases": [ "Marketing Director", "Director of Marketing", "VP of Marketing", "CMO", "Chief Marketing Officer", "Brand Manager", "Product Marketing Manager", "Digital Marketing Manager", "Content Marketing Manager", "Social Media Manager", "Growth Marketing Manager", "Demand Generation Manager", "Performance Marketing Manager", "Marketing Strategist", "Campaign Manager", "Marketing Lead", "Integrated Marketing Manager", "B2B Marketing Manager", "B2C Marketing Manager", "Marketing Ops Manager" ], "vertical": "sales", "eloundou_alpha": 0.15, "eloundou_beta": 0.58, "anthropic_intensity": 44, "anthropic_automation": 0.3, "exposure_raw": 0.367, "score_now": 63, "score_1yr": 61, "score_3yr": 59, "score_5yr": 57, "band": "Mixed Exposure", "band_color": "#B58900", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Campaign-copy first drafts", "Standard reporting decks", "Segmentation analysis" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Brand-strategy and positioning judgment", "Cross-team budget and resource allocation", "Hiring and developing marketing talent" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "31-9092", "title": "Medical Assistant", "slug": "medical-assistant", "aliases": [ "MA", "Clinical Medical Assistant", "Certified Medical Assistant", "CMA", "RMA", "Registered Medical Assistant", "Front Office Medical Assistant", "Back Office Medical Assistant", "Phlebotomist", "Medical Office Assistant", "Clinical Assistant", "Healthcare Assistant", "Patient Care Technician", "Medical Secretary", "Clinic Assistant", "Ophthalmic Assistant", "Podiatric Assistant", "Chiropractic Assistant", "Dental Assistant", "Surgical Technician Trainee" ], "vertical": "allied_health", "eloundou_alpha": 0.06, "eloundou_beta": 0.33, "anthropic_intensity": 23, "anthropic_automation": 0.22, "exposure_raw": 0.207, "score_now": 79, "score_1yr": 78, "score_3yr": 76, "score_5yr": 74, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Patient intake form completion", "Appointment scheduling and reminders", "Routine documentation of vitals" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Hands-on patient care (vitals, blood draws, EKGs)", "In-person patient communication and rapport", "Sterile field and procedural assist" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "27-1014", "title": "Multimedia Artist / Animator", "slug": "animator", "aliases": [ "2D Animator", "3D Animator", "Motion Graphics Designer", "Motion Designer", "Visual Effects Artist", "VFX Artist", "Character Animator", "CGI Artist", "Digital Artist", "Storyboard Artist", "Concept Artist", "Illustrator", "Multimedia Designer", "Animation Director", "Game Artist", "Rigging Artist", "Rendering Artist", "Compositing Artist", "Multimedia Specialist", "Creative Technologist" ], "vertical": "creative", "eloundou_alpha": 0.13, "eloundou_beta": 0.55, "anthropic_intensity": 40, "anthropic_automation": 0.25, "exposure_raw": 0.334, "score_now": 67, "score_1yr": 63, "score_3yr": 57, "score_5yr": 52, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "First-pass storyboards", "Mid-tier animation in-betweens", "Background-asset generation" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Director-level creative judgment", "Character animation and performance", "Pipeline and production engineering" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "15-1244", "title": "Network Administrator", "slug": "network-administrator", "aliases": [ "Network Admin", "Network Engineer", "Systems Administrator", "Sysadmin", "IT Administrator", "Network Support Specialist", "Network Technician", "Infrastructure Engineer", "Cloud Systems Administrator", "Network Analyst", "IT Network Engineer", "Cisco Engineer", "CCNA", "CCNP", "Network Operations Center Technician", "NOC Technician", "Data Center Engineer", "Wireless Network Engineer", "VoIP Engineer", "Network Architect" ], "vertical": "tech", "eloundou_alpha": 0.07, "eloundou_beta": 0.36, "anthropic_intensity": 24, "anthropic_automation": 0.2, "exposure_raw": 0.217, "score_now": 78, "score_1yr": 75, "score_3yr": 71, "score_5yr": 67, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting runbooks and incident reports", "Standard configuration-template generation", "First-pass log analysis" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Hands-on physical infrastructure work", "Real-time incident response", "Vendor and budget management" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1151", "title": "Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)", "slug": "nurse-anesthetist", "aliases": [ "CRNA", "Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist", "Anesthesia Nurse", "Nurse Anesthesiologist", "Advanced Practice Nurse — Anesthesia", "APRN Anesthesia", "CRNA Supervisor", "Chief CRNA", "Academic CRNA", "Obstetric CRNA", "Pediatric CRNA", "Cardiothoracic CRNA", "Trauma CRNA", "Ambulatory CRNA", "Pain Management CRNA", "Regional Anesthesia CRNA", "Anesthesia Provider" ], "vertical": "nursing", "eloundou_alpha": 0.03, "eloundou_beta": 0.2, "anthropic_intensity": 12, "anthropic_automation": 0.1, "exposure_raw": 0.113, "score_now": 89, "score_1yr": 88, "score_3yr": 86, "score_5yr": 85, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Pre-op assessment documentation", "Standard anesthesia record templates", "Routine drug-dose calculations" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Real-time intra-operative anesthesia management", "Difficult airway and regional anesthesia procedures", "Crisis response in the OR" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1171", "title": "Nurse Practitioner", "slug": "nurse-practitioner", "aliases": [ "NP", "APRN", "Advanced Practice Registered Nurse", "Family Nurse Practitioner", "FNP", "Adult-Gerontology NP", "Acute Care NP", "ACNP", "Psychiatric Mental Health NP", "PMHNP", "Pediatric NP", "PNP", "Women's Health NP", "Emergency NP", "Oncology NP", "Cardiology NP", "Primary Care NP", "Hospitalist NP", "Geriatric NP", "NP Supervisor", "Lead NP" ], "vertical": "nursing", "eloundou_alpha": 0.05, "eloundou_beta": 0.29, "anthropic_intensity": 19, "anthropic_automation": 0.16, "exposure_raw": 0.172, "score_now": 83, "score_1yr": 82, "score_3yr": 80, "score_5yr": 79, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting visit notes and refill rationales", "Preventive-care counseling content", "Standardized chronic-disease management plans" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Independent prescribing authority (state-dependent)", "Physical exam and diagnostic reasoning", "Patient relationship continuity in primary care" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1213", "title": "OB-GYN", "slug": "obstetrician-gynecologist", "aliases": [ "OB-GYN", "OB/GYN", "Obstetrician", "Gynecologist", "Women's Health Physician", "Maternal-Fetal Medicine Specialist", "MFM Specialist", "Perinatologist", "Reproductive Endocrinologist", "RE", "Urogynecologist", "Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgeon", "MIGS Surgeon", "Gynecologic Oncologist", "Infertility Specialist", "High-Risk Pregnancy Doctor", "Labor and Delivery Physician", "Certified Nurse Midwife Collaborating MD" ], "vertical": "medicine", "eloundou_alpha": 0.04, "eloundou_beta": 0.24, "anthropic_intensity": 16, "anthropic_automation": 0.13, "exposure_raw": 0.142, "score_now": 86, "score_1yr": 84, "score_3yr": 82, "score_5yr": 80, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Routine prenatal visit documentation", "Drafting standardized counseling for screening tests", "Generating post-op follow-up letters" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Surgical procedures and operative delivery", "Crisis obstetrics management", "Patient-relationship continuity over years" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1122", "title": "Occupational Therapist", "slug": "occupational-therapist", "aliases": [ "OT", "Registered Occupational Therapist", "OTR/L", "Pediatric Occupational Therapist", "School-Based OT", "Hand Therapist", "Certified Hand Therapist", "CHT", "Neurological Rehabilitation OT", "Mental Health OT", "Geriatric OT", "Acute Care OT", "Inpatient OT", "Outpatient OT", "Home Health OT", "Vocational Rehab Specialist", "Sensory Integration Specialist", "COTA Supervisor", "Occupational Therapy Assistant", "COTA" ], "vertical": "allied_health", "eloundou_alpha": 0.04, "eloundou_beta": 0.24, "anthropic_intensity": 15, "anthropic_automation": 0.14, "exposure_raw": 0.142, "score_now": 86, "score_1yr": 85, "score_3yr": 83, "score_5yr": 81, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Documentation of evaluations and care plans", "Templated home-modification recommendations", "Drafting school accommodation reports" ], "resistant_skills": [ "In-person ADL retraining", "Pediatric sensory-integration therapy", "Adaptive-equipment custom fitting" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "43-9061", "title": "Office Clerk", "slug": "office-clerk", "aliases": [ "Clerical Worker", "File Clerk", "Data Entry Clerk", "Administrative Clerk", "General Office Clerk", "Records Clerk", "Mail Clerk", "Office Associate", "Clerk Typist", "Office Support Clerk", "Billing Clerk", "Scanning Clerk", "Document Specialist", "Correspondence Clerk", "Word Processor", "Office Worker", "Front Desk Clerk", "Receptionist Clerk" ], "vertical": "service", "eloundou_alpha": 0.32, "eloundou_beta": 0.8, "anthropic_intensity": 62, "anthropic_automation": 0.55, "exposure_raw": 0.57, "score_now": 43, "score_1yr": 41, "score_3yr": 37, "score_5yr": 34, "band": "Exposed", "band_color": "#CC5500", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Filing and record-keeping", "Routine data entry", "Standard customer-communication letters" ], "resistant_skills": [ "In-person reception and visitor handling", "Hands-on equipment and supply management", "Discretionary task triage" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "23-2011", "title": "Paralegal", "slug": "paralegal", "aliases": [ "Legal Assistant", "Legal Secretary", "Legal Analyst", "Litigation Paralegal", "Corporate Paralegal", "Real Estate Paralegal", "Immigration Paralegal", "Family Law Paralegal", "Criminal Law Paralegal", "Intellectual Property Paralegal", "IP Paralegal", "Bankruptcy Paralegal", "Trust and Estate Paralegal", "Senior Paralegal", "Junior Paralegal", "Contract Administrator", "Legal Coordinator", "Docket Clerk", "Legal Clerk", "Case Manager (Legal)" ], "vertical": "law", "eloundou_alpha": 0.25, "eloundou_beta": 0.69, "anthropic_intensity": 52, "anthropic_automation": 0.5, "exposure_raw": 0.486, "score_now": 51, "score_1yr": 47, "score_3yr": 42, "score_5yr": 37, "band": "Mixed Exposure", "band_color": "#B58900", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Document review and discovery indexing", "Drafting boilerplate filings and form pleadings", "Citation checking and Bluebooking" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Court e-filing and procedural compliance under deadlines", "Client intake and case organization", "Trial preparation logistics" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-2043", "title": "Paramedic / EMT", "slug": "paramedic-emt", "aliases": [ "EMT", "EMT-Basic", "EMT-B", "EMT-Advanced", "Advanced EMT", "AEMT", "Paramedic", "Critical Care Paramedic", "Flight Paramedic", "Community Paramedic", "Firefighter/Paramedic", "Fire Medic", "911 Paramedic", "Emergency Medical Technician", "EMS Provider", "EMS Worker", "Ambulance Driver", "First Responder", "Trauma Technician" ], "vertical": "allied_health", "eloundou_alpha": 0.02, "eloundou_beta": 0.16, "anthropic_intensity": 12, "anthropic_automation": 0.1, "exposure_raw": 0.098, "score_now": 90, "score_1yr": 89, "score_3yr": 87, "score_5yr": 85, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting run reports and patient-care documentation", "Standard treatment-protocol checklists" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Pre-hospital procedural skills (IV, intubation)", "Real-time triage on scene", "Patient and family communication in crisis" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1218", "title": "Pathologist", "slug": "pathologist", "aliases": [ "Anatomic Pathologist", "Clinical Pathologist", "Surgical Pathologist", "Forensic Pathologist", "Cytopathologist", "Hematopathologist", "Neuropathologist", "Dermatopathologist", "Molecular Pathologist", "Transfusion Medicine Specialist", "Blood Bank Physician", "Medical Examiner", "Coroner", "Autopsy Pathologist", "GI Pathologist", "Bone and Soft Tissue Pathologist", "Academic Pathologist", "Lab Director" ], "vertical": "medicine", "eloundou_alpha": 0.1, "eloundou_beta": 0.46, "anthropic_intensity": 33, "anthropic_automation": 0.3, "exposure_raw": 0.294, "score_now": 71, "score_1yr": 69, "score_3yr": 67, "score_5yr": 65, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Slide screening for common cancers (digital pathology AI)", "Quantitative IHC scoring", "Drafting structured cancer synoptic reports" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Frozen-section intra-operative consultation", "Diagnostic reasoning on rare or ambiguous tissue", "Final diagnostic sign-off and clinico-pathologic correlation" ], "notes": "Digital pathology AI is mature; the role is consolidating into supervisory + consultative work. Anatomic pathology subspecialties differ — dermpath and hemepath face different exposures." }, { "soc": "29-1221", "title": "Pediatrician", "slug": "pediatrician", "aliases": [ "Pediatrician", "Pediatric Physician", "Children's Doctor", "General Pediatrician", "Developmental Pediatrician", "Adolescent Medicine Physician", "Neonatologist", "Pediatric Hospitalist", "Pediatric Intensivist", "Pediatric Primary Care Physician", "Community Pediatrician", "Academic Pediatrician", "Pediatric Attending", "Pediatric Resident", "School Physician", "Well-Child Doctor", "Child Health Physician", "Infant Care Physician" ], "vertical": "medicine", "eloundou_alpha": 0.05, "eloundou_beta": 0.28, "anthropic_intensity": 19, "anthropic_automation": 0.16, "exposure_raw": 0.169, "score_now": 83, "score_1yr": 81, "score_3yr": 79, "score_5yr": 77, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Well-child visit documentation", "Standard growth-and-development counseling", "Drafting school and camp clearance forms" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Pediatric physical exam and procedural skills", "Parental communication and developmental assessment", "Recognition of subtle pediatric red-flag presentations" ], "notes": "Outpatient pediatrics is documentation-heavy; the in-room work with children and parents is durable." }, { "soc": "29-1051", "title": "Pharmacist", "slug": "pharmacist", "aliases": [ "Clinical Pharmacist", "Retail Pharmacist", "Hospital Pharmacist", "Pharmacy Manager", "Pharmacy Director", "Compounding Pharmacist", "Oncology Pharmacist", "Ambulatory Care Pharmacist", "Consultant Pharmacist", "Geriatric Pharmacist", "Medication Therapy Management Pharmacist", "MTM Pharmacist", "Specialty Pharmacist", "Pharmacotherapy Specialist", "PharmD", "Drug Information Specialist", "Regulatory Affairs Pharmacist", "Industrial Pharmacist", "Mail-Order Pharmacist", "Long-Term Care Pharmacist" ], "vertical": "pharmacy", "eloundou_alpha": 0.1, "eloundou_beta": 0.45, "anthropic_intensity": 32, "anthropic_automation": 0.3, "exposure_raw": 0.289, "score_now": 71, "score_1yr": 69, "score_3yr": 65, "score_5yr": 62, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drug-interaction checking (already automated)", "Patient counseling scripts for new prescriptions", "Prior authorization paperwork drafting" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Clinical pharmacy in inpatient care teams", "Compounding and sterile-product preparation", "Final dispensing authority and pharmacy law oversight" ], "notes": "Retail pharmacy is highly exposed; clinical and inpatient pharmacy is more durable. Specialty pharmacy and 503B compounding remain protected." }, { "soc": "29-1123", "title": "Physical Therapist", "slug": "physical-therapist", "aliases": [ "PT", "Physical Therapist", "DPT", "Doctor of Physical Therapy", "Sports Physical Therapist", "Orthopedic Physical Therapist", "Neurological Physical Therapist", "Pediatric Physical Therapist", "Geriatric Physical Therapist", "Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapist", "Aquatic Physical Therapist", "Acute Care Physical Therapist", "Inpatient PT", "Outpatient PT", "Home Health PT", "Physical Therapist Assistant", "PTA", "Rehabilitation Therapist", "Manual Therapist", "Vestibular Physical Therapist" ], "vertical": "allied_health", "eloundou_alpha": 0.04, "eloundou_beta": 0.23, "anthropic_intensity": 15, "anthropic_automation": 0.13, "exposure_raw": 0.137, "score_now": 86, "score_1yr": 85, "score_3yr": 83, "score_5yr": 81, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting evaluation reports and progress notes", "Standardized home-exercise program handouts", "Insurance-authorization documentation" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Hands-on manual therapy and gait assessment", "Real-time motor learning coaching", "Patient motivation and rehabilitation adherence" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1071", "title": "Physician Assistant", "slug": "physician-assistant", "aliases": [ "PA", "Physician Associate", "PA-C", "Certified Physician Assistant", "Surgical PA", "Emergency PA", "Primary Care PA", "Cardiology PA", "Orthopedic PA", "Neurology PA", "Dermatology PA", "Hospitalist PA", "Intensivist PA", "Oncology PA", "Family Medicine PA", "Internal Medicine PA", "Pediatric PA", "Psychiatric PA", "Senior PA", "Lead PA" ], "vertical": "allied_health", "eloundou_alpha": 0.05, "eloundou_beta": 0.3, "anthropic_intensity": 19, "anthropic_automation": 0.17, "exposure_raw": 0.177, "score_now": 82, "score_1yr": 81, "score_3yr": 79, "score_5yr": 77, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting visit notes and treatment plans", "Documentation for procedures and consults", "Patient-education materials for common conditions" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Procedural skills and physical exam", "Real-time clinical reasoning under physician supervision", "Patient relationship continuity in primary care" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "47-2152", "title": "Plumber", "slug": "plumber", "aliases": [ "Journeyman Plumber", "Master Plumber", "Apprentice Plumber", "Residential Plumber", "Commercial Plumber", "Industrial Plumber", "Plumbing Contractor", "Plumbing Technician", "Service Plumber", "Pipefitter", "Steamfitter", "Sprinkler Fitter", "Gas Fitter", "Drain Technician", "Water Treatment Technician", "Plumbing Inspector", "Sewer Specialist", "Backflow Specialist", "Licensed Plumber", "Plumbing Foreman" ], "vertical": "trades", "eloundou_alpha": 0.01, "eloundou_beta": 0.06, "anthropic_intensity": 6, "anthropic_automation": 0.04, "exposure_raw": 0.041, "score_now": 96, "score_1yr": 96, "score_3yr": 95, "score_5yr": 94, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting estimates and proposals", "Permit and inspection documentation", "Customer-facing scheduling and communication" ], "resistant_skills": [ "All physical plumbing installation and repair", "Diagnostic problem-solving in the field", "Customer trust and on-site judgment" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1223", "title": "Psychiatrist", "slug": "psychiatrist", "aliases": [ "Psychiatrist MD", "Psychiatrist DO", "Adult Psychiatrist", "Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist", "Geriatric Psychiatrist", "Forensic Psychiatrist", "Addiction Psychiatrist", "Consultation-Liaison Psychiatrist", "C-L Psychiatrist", "Inpatient Psychiatrist", "Outpatient Psychiatrist", "Community Psychiatrist", "Emergency Psychiatrist", "Telepsychiatrist", "Academic Psychiatrist", "Psychopharmacologist", "Mental Health Physician", "Behavioral Health Physician" ], "vertical": "medicine", "eloundou_alpha": 0.07, "eloundou_beta": 0.36, "anthropic_intensity": 24, "anthropic_automation": 0.2, "exposure_raw": 0.217, "score_now": 78, "score_1yr": 76, "score_3yr": 74, "score_5yr": 72, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting therapy progress notes", "Generating psychoeducation materials", "Initial mental-status documentation" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Therapeutic alliance and clinical empathy", "Prescribing authority for controlled and high-risk medications", "Risk assessment for self-harm and involuntary commitment" ], "notes": "AI chatbot therapy products exist but face severe regulatory and liability constraints. Prescribing remains physician-only." }, { "soc": "27-3031", "title": "Public Relations Specialist", "slug": "public-relations-specialist", "aliases": [ "PR Specialist", "PR Manager", "Communications Manager", "Communications Specialist", "Media Relations Specialist", "Press Secretary", "Publicist", "Corporate Communications Manager", "External Communications Manager", "Internal Communications Manager", "Brand Spokesperson", "Crisis Communications Specialist", "Social Media Communications Specialist", "PR Coordinator", "PR Director", "VP of Communications", "Chief Communications Officer", "PR Account Executive", "PR Account Manager", "Influencer Relations Manager" ], "vertical": "creative", "eloundou_alpha": 0.3, "eloundou_beta": 0.74, "anthropic_intensity": 55, "anthropic_automation": 0.42, "exposure_raw": 0.506, "score_now": 49, "score_1yr": 45, "score_3yr": 39, "score_5yr": 34, "band": "Exposed", "band_color": "#CC5500", "tasks_at_risk": [ "First-draft press releases", "Media-list compilation", "Standard pitch emails" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Journalist relationships and access", "Crisis-communication judgment", "Brand reputation management at the executive level" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1224", "title": "Radiologist", "slug": "radiologist", "aliases": [ "Diagnostic Radiologist", "Interventional Radiologist", "IR Physician", "Neuroradiologist", "Breast Radiologist", "Musculoskeletal Radiologist", "MSK Radiologist", "Thoracic Radiologist", "Abdominal Radiologist", "Pediatric Radiologist", "Nuclear Medicine Physician", "Body Radiologist", "Teleradiologist", "Vascular Radiologist", "Cardiac Radiologist", "Emergency Radiologist", "Radiation Oncologist", "Academic Radiologist" ], "vertical": "medicine", "eloundou_alpha": 0.11, "eloundou_beta": 0.49, "anthropic_intensity": 36, "anthropic_automation": 0.32, "exposure_raw": 0.316, "score_now": 68, "score_1yr": 66, "score_3yr": 64, "score_5yr": 62, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "First-pass detection of nodules, fractures, and bleeds on imaging", "Drafting structured reports from image findings", "Triage and prioritization of urgent studies" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Procedural interventional radiology", "Multi-disciplinary tumor board reasoning and clinician communication", "Final medico-legal sign-off and the responsibility for the read" ], "notes": "The most-AI-impacted clinical specialty. AI is now standard reading-room infrastructure; the role is shifting toward interventional, supervisory, and consultation work." }, { "soc": "29-1141", "title": "Registered Nurse", "slug": "registered-nurse", "aliases": [ "RN", "Registered Nurse", "BSN", "Bachelor of Science in Nursing", "MSN", "ICU Nurse", "Intensive Care Unit Nurse", "ER Nurse", "Emergency Room Nurse", "OR Nurse", "Operating Room Nurse", "Med-Surg Nurse", "Medical-Surgical Nurse", "Telemetry Nurse", "Oncology Nurse", "Pediatric Nurse", "Labor and Delivery Nurse", "L&D Nurse", "Float Pool Nurse", "Travel Nurse", "Charge Nurse" ], "vertical": "nursing", "eloundou_alpha": 0.03, "eloundou_beta": 0.21, "anthropic_intensity": 13, "anthropic_automation": 0.11, "exposure_raw": 0.12, "score_now": 88, "score_1yr": 87, "score_3yr": 85, "score_5yr": 84, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting nursing notes and end-of-shift summaries", "Patient-education handouts at discharge", "Documentation of care plans" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Hands-on bedside care and physical assessment", "Clinical pattern-recognition for deteriorating patients", "Patient and family communication in real time" ], "notes": "Among the most AI-resistant healthcare roles. The work is fundamentally physical and relational." }, { "soc": "29-1126", "title": "Respiratory Therapist", "slug": "respiratory-therapist", "aliases": [ "RT", "RRT", "Registered Respiratory Therapist", "Respiratory Care Practitioner", "RCP", "Neonatal Respiratory Therapist", "NICU RT", "Critical Care Respiratory Therapist", "ICU RT", "Pulmonary Function Technician", "PFT Tech", "Sleep Study Technician", "Polysomnographic Technologist", "Home Care Respiratory Therapist", "Travel RT", "Ventilator Specialist", "ECMO Specialist", "Asthma Educator", "Respiratory Therapy Supervisor" ], "vertical": "allied_health", "eloundou_alpha": 0.04, "eloundou_beta": 0.22, "anthropic_intensity": 14, "anthropic_automation": 0.13, "exposure_raw": 0.132, "score_now": 87, "score_1yr": 86, "score_3yr": 84, "score_5yr": 82, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Routine ventilator setting documentation", "Drafting protocols for common patient scenarios", "Patient-education materials" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Hands-on ventilator management at the bedside", "Emergency airway and life-support response", "ICU teamwork in critical care" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "41-1011", "title": "Sales Manager", "slug": "sales-manager", "aliases": [ "Sales Director", "Director of Sales", "VP of Sales", "Chief Revenue Officer", "CRO", "Regional Sales Manager", "Territory Sales Manager", "District Sales Manager", "National Sales Manager", "Inside Sales Manager", "Outside Sales Manager", "Field Sales Manager", "B2B Sales Manager", "Account Executive Manager", "Sales Team Lead", "Sales Operations Manager", "Enterprise Sales Manager", "SMB Sales Manager", "Revenue Manager", "Head of Sales" ], "vertical": "sales", "eloundou_alpha": 0.08, "eloundou_beta": 0.4, "anthropic_intensity": 30, "anthropic_automation": 0.22, "exposure_raw": 0.248, "score_now": 75, "score_1yr": 73, "score_3yr": 71, "score_5yr": 69, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Forecast and pipeline-report drafting", "Standard coaching email templates", "Performance-review boilerplate" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Hiring and firing judgment", "Real-time deal coaching", "Cross-functional executive influence" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "41-3091", "title": "Sales Representative", "slug": "sales-representative", "aliases": [ "Sales Rep", "Sales Associate", "Account Executive", "AE", "Business Development Representative", "BDR", "Sales Development Representative", "SDR", "Inside Sales Representative", "Outside Sales Representative", "Field Sales Representative", "Territory Sales Representative", "Account Manager", "AM", "Regional Sales Representative", "Enterprise Sales Representative", "Pharmaceutical Sales Representative", "Medical Device Sales Representative", "Technical Sales Representative", "Channel Sales Representative" ], "vertical": "sales", "eloundou_alpha": 0.06, "eloundou_beta": 0.35, "anthropic_intensity": 28, "anthropic_automation": 0.2, "exposure_raw": 0.219, "score_now": 78, "score_1yr": 76, "score_3yr": 74, "score_5yr": 72, "band": "Resistant", "band_color": "#2E7D32", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting follow-up emails and proposals", "Lead-qualification scripting", "CRM data entry and call summaries" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Trust-building in person and on calls", "Discovery and consultative selling", "Closing under pressure" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "15-1252", "title": "Software Engineer", "slug": "software-engineer", "aliases": [ "Software Developer", "iOS Developer", "Android Developer", "Frontend Developer", "Backend Developer", "Full Stack Developer", "Full-Stack Developer", "Machine Learning Engineer", "ML Engineer", "DevOps Engineer", "Cloud Engineer", "Python Developer", "Java Developer", "Senior Software Engineer", "Staff Engineer", "Principal Engineer", "Engineering Manager", "Mobile Developer", "React Developer", "SWE" ], "vertical": "tech", "eloundou_alpha": 0.3, "eloundou_beta": 0.85, "anthropic_intensity": 78, "anthropic_automation": 0.43, "exposure_raw": 0.587, "score_now": 41, "score_1yr": 38, "score_3yr": 34, "score_5yr": 30, "band": "Exposed", "band_color": "#CC5500", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Writing boilerplate code and standard CRUD endpoints", "Generating unit tests from specifications", "Initial code review for style and obvious bugs" ], "resistant_skills": [ "System design at scale and distributed-systems trade-offs", "Production debugging when the model is wrong", "Cross-team architectural decision-making" ], "notes": "Highest-intensity AI-augmentation role in the Anthropic Index. The job is shifting from writing code to reviewing, integrating, and architecting it." }, { "soc": "29-1141", "title": "Speech-Language Pathologist", "slug": "speech-language-pathologist", "aliases": [ "Speech Therapist", "SLP", "Speech-Language Therapist", "Communication Disorders Specialist", "Voice Therapist", "Pediatric Speech Therapist", "School Speech Therapist", "Hospital SLP", "Medical SLP", "Dysphagia Specialist", "Swallowing Therapist", "Feeding Therapist", "Augmentative Communication Specialist", "AAC Specialist", "Fluency Specialist", "Stuttering Specialist", "Cognitive Communication Specialist", "ASHA SLP", "Teletherapy SLP", "Early Intervention SLP" ], "vertical": "allied_health", "eloundou_alpha": 0.06, "eloundou_beta": 0.32, "anthropic_intensity": 21, "anthropic_automation": 0.19, "exposure_raw": 0.194, "score_now": 81, "score_1yr": 80, "score_3yr": 78, "score_5yr": 76, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting evaluation and IEP documentation", "Standard articulation-therapy plans", "Parent-education materials" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Hands-on swallowing assessments (FEES, MBS)", "AAC device fitting and customization", "Pediatric language-development assessment" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "29-1242", "title": "Surgeon (General)", "slug": "general-surgeon", "aliases": [ "Surgeon", "General Surgery Physician", "Attending Surgeon", "Trauma Surgeon", "Acute Care Surgeon", "Bariatric Surgeon", "Colorectal Surgeon", "Breast Surgeon", "Vascular Surgeon", "Laparoscopic Surgeon", "Robotic Surgeon", "Endocrine Surgeon", "Hepatobiliary Surgeon", "Liver Surgeon", "Pancreatic Surgeon", "Surgical Oncologist", "Minimally Invasive Surgeon", "Rural General Surgeon", "Academic Surgeon", "Chief Surgeon" ], "vertical": "medicine", "eloundou_alpha": 0.03, "eloundou_beta": 0.18, "anthropic_intensity": 14, "anthropic_automation": 0.1, "exposure_raw": 0.111, "score_now": 89, "score_1yr": 87, "score_3yr": 85, "score_5yr": 83, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Pre-op planning notes and consent documentation", "Drafting op notes", "Patient-facing pre/post-op education" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Operative judgment and technical skill in the OR", "Real-time decision-making with anatomical variation", "Procedural authority over outcomes that cannot be undone" ], "notes": "Robotic and AI-guided surgery is augmenting, not replacing — and the OR remains the durable workspace." }, { "soc": "23-2093", "title": "Title Examiner / Abstractor", "slug": "title-examiner", "aliases": [ "Title Abstractor", "Title Searcher", "Title Agent", "Title Officer", "Title Analyst", "Real Estate Title Examiner", "Title Closing Agent", "Closing Agent", "Settlement Agent", "Escrow Officer", "Escrow Agent", "Real Property Examiner", "Property Title Specialist", "Land Title Specialist", "Chain of Title Examiner", "Deed Researcher", "Real Estate Closing Specialist", "Title Insurance Agent" ], "vertical": "law", "eloundou_alpha": 0.45, "eloundou_beta": 0.82, "anthropic_intensity": 60, "anthropic_automation": 0.55, "exposure_raw": 0.611, "score_now": 39, "score_1yr": 35, "score_3yr": 30, "score_5yr": 25, "band": "Exposed", "band_color": "#CC5500", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Searching and reading public records", "Drafting title-commitment summaries", "Standard exception writing" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Edge-case curative-action judgment", "Underwriter consultation", "Local-jurisdiction relationships" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "27-3091", "title": "Translator / Interpreter", "slug": "translator-interpreter", "aliases": [ "Interpreter", "Language Specialist", "Simultaneous Interpreter", "Conference Interpreter", "Medical Interpreter", "Court Interpreter", "Legal Interpreter", "Community Interpreter", "Sign Language Interpreter", "ASL Interpreter", "Remote Interpreter", "Technical Translator", "Literary Translator", "Localization Specialist", "Localization Engineer", "Subtitler", "Transcriptionist", "Language Services Specialist", "Bilingual Specialist", "Multilingual Specialist" ], "vertical": "creative", "eloundou_alpha": 0.5, "eloundou_beta": 0.85, "anthropic_intensity": 60, "anthropic_automation": 0.55, "exposure_raw": 0.635, "score_now": 36, "score_1yr": 32, "score_3yr": 26, "score_5yr": 21, "band": "Exposed", "band_color": "#CC5500", "tasks_at_risk": [ "First-pass document translation", "Subtitle generation", "Routine business correspondence" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Live conference interpretation", "Legal and medical certified interpretation", "Cultural and idiomatic editorial judgment" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "53-3032", "title": "Truck Driver", "slug": "truck-driver", "aliases": [ "Commercial Driver", "CDL Driver", "Class A Driver", "Class B Driver", "Long-Haul Truck Driver", "Over-the-Road Driver", "OTR Driver", "Regional Truck Driver", "Local Truck Driver", "Delivery Driver", "Semi-Truck Driver", "18-Wheeler Driver", "Flatbed Driver", "Tanker Driver", "Hazmat Driver", "Owner-Operator", "Team Driver", "Freight Driver", "Intermodal Driver", "Dump Truck Driver" ], "vertical": "service", "eloundou_alpha": 0.02, "eloundou_beta": 0.1, "anthropic_intensity": 8, "anthropic_automation": 0.05, "exposure_raw": 0.062, "score_now": 94, "score_1yr": 92, "score_3yr": 88, "score_5yr": 85, "band": "Highly Resistant", "band_color": "#0F7A3A", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Routing and logbook documentation", "Standard customer-communication scripts" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Operating the vehicle safely", "Loading, securing, and inspecting freight", "Customer interaction at delivery" ], "notes": "Self-driving trucks remain a 5-10 year horizon risk; AI text models do not threaten the core job." }, { "soc": "15-1255", "title": "Web Developer", "slug": "web-developer", "aliases": [ "Frontend Developer", "Backend Developer", "Full Stack Developer", "Full-Stack Developer", "Web Designer", "WordPress Developer", "Shopify Developer", "JavaScript Developer", "React Developer", "Vue Developer", "Angular Developer", "Node.js Developer", "PHP Developer", "Ruby on Rails Developer", "Django Developer", "E-commerce Developer", "CMS Developer", "UI Developer", "Web Engineer", "Senior Web Developer" ], "vertical": "tech", "eloundou_alpha": 0.32, "eloundou_beta": 0.84, "anthropic_intensity": 75, "anthropic_automation": 0.45, "exposure_raw": 0.588, "score_now": 41, "score_1yr": 38, "score_3yr": 34, "score_5yr": 30, "band": "Exposed", "band_color": "#CC5500", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Building marketing landing pages", "Implementing standard CMS and form components", "First-pass responsive layouts" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Performance and accessibility judgment", "Cross-browser debugging", "Design-to-code translation with brand sensibility" ], "notes": "" }, { "soc": "27-3043", "title": "Writer / Content Writer", "slug": "writer-content", "aliases": [ "Content Writer", "Copywriter", "Technical Writer", "Blog Writer", "Content Strategist", "Copy Editor", "Editor", "Journalist", "Feature Writer", "Grant Writer", "UX Writer", "SEO Writer", "Social Media Writer", "Ghostwriter", "Speech Writer", "Marketing Copywriter", "Brand Journalist", "Content Creator", "Freelance Writer", "Senior Content Writer" ], "vertical": "creative", "eloundou_alpha": 0.45, "eloundou_beta": 0.82, "anthropic_intensity": 65, "anthropic_automation": 0.55, "exposure_raw": 0.621, "score_now": 38, "score_1yr": 34, "score_3yr": 28, "score_5yr": 23, "band": "Exposed", "band_color": "#CC5500", "tasks_at_risk": [ "Drafting blog posts and SEO content", "Writing product descriptions", "Newsletter and email-sequence copy" ], "resistant_skills": [ "Original reporting and source-development", "Voice-driven brand storytelling", "Editorial judgment in proprietary domains" ], "notes": "" } ]